Underrepresented minorities are even more underrepresented in academics, and these trends are worsening.
Higher attrition
Lower promotion
Fang, 2000; Nunez-Smith, 2012; Abelson, 2018; Lett, 2018
URM faculty are less likely to be promoted even when controlling for achievement.
Jeffe DB, Yan Y, Andriole DA. Competing Risks Analysis of Promotion and Attrition in Academic Medicine: A National Study of U.S. Medical School Graduates. Acad Med. 2019; 94 (2): 227‐236.
Lett LA, Orji WU, Sebro R. Declining racial and ethnic representation in clinical academic medicine: A longitudinal study of 16 US medical specialties. PLoS One. 2018; 13 (11): e0207274.
Mamtani M, Shofer F, Mudan A, et al. Quantifying gender disparity in physician authorship among commentary articles in three high-impact medical journals: an observational study. BMJ Open. 2020; 10 (2): e034056.
Rodríguez JE, Campbell KM, Pololi LH. Addressing disparities in academic medicine: what of the minority tax?. BMC Med Educ. 2015; 15: 6.